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Route planning for a VIP

A VIP movement is planned before it happens: the route is driven or walked in advance, on the same weekday and at the same time; there is a primary and an alternate that do not share the same choke point; along it the team marks safe havens — hospitals, police stations, hotels with a 24-hour front desk — as places where the vehicle can stop. Timings are kept unpredictable, arrival and departure points are checked one by one, the driver knows every route, and only those who need the schedule have it. After each movement a short after-action note is written, and it improves the next one.

Updated: 8 min readSources: 1

What is a route reconnaissance and how is it done?

It is the run the team makes ahead of the principal, by car or on foot, ideally on the same weekday and at the same time as the real movement. It records timings, choke points, roadworks, events and places to stop — everything a map does not show.

A map shows the shortest route; it does not show that at 08:15 the street jams with school traffic, that the bridge has roadworks, or that at the last traffic light the car sits still for two minutes next to a bus stop. Only someone who drove it at the same hour finds these.

  • Journey time: at the hour of the real movement, not at night on empty roads.
  • Choke points: bridges, narrow streets, one-way systems, junctions where the car has to stop.
  • The day’s changes: roadworks, street markets, schools at closing time, scheduled events and marches.
  • Stopping points: where the vehicle can safely pull over if it has to.
  • Mobile coverage: spots where signal drops, so the team knows when it will be out of contact.

A reconnaissance has an expiry date. It is done as close to the movement as possible, and on the day the team confirms nothing has changed — road closures are often announced at the last minute.

How do you choose the primary and alternate routes?

The primary is the route with the fewest places where the car must stop, not necessarily the shortest. The alternate must be genuinely different: if it crosses the same bridge or junction, it is not an alternate.

  1. Primary: the smoothest at the time of travel, with few forced stops and good access to the safe havens.
  2. Alternate: shares no choke point with the primary, and is checked on the recce too, not just on the map.
  3. Emergency route: from every point on the schedule to the nearest hospital.
  4. Decision points: the junctions where the car can switch from primary to alternate, marked on the plan.
  5. Who decides: the team lead, on criteria agreed beforehand — not a debate inside the car.

The plan does not rely on closed roads or priority in traffic. The team plans around the city’s traffic; it does not control it: Greek Law 2518/1997 states that the activities of security companies do not affect the competences of the state authorities (art. 1 §4).

What are safe havens on a VIP route?

Places along the route where the vehicle can stop if the road is blocked, if someone feels unwell, or if the team wants to get out of traffic: hospitals, police stations, hotels with a 24-hour front desk. They are marked as locations, with an address and an entrance.

A safe haven is a point on the map the team knows in advance: where it is, which side the car goes in, where it stops, how far it is from the primary and the alternate. When something goes wrong, nobody is searching on a phone.

  • Hospitals: address, vehicle entrance, time from each stretch of the route; on the day of the movement, confirm it is taking patients at that hour.
  • Police stations: address and where the vehicle can pull up.
  • Hotels or buildings with a 24-hour front desk: places with people and light where the principal can wait.
  • One per stretch: every section of the route has at least one safe haven within reasonable distance.

Safe havens are places, not promises. The plan notes where they are and how to reach them; it does not assume what service each one will provide.

How do you make a VIP’s movements less predictable?

By varying times, routes and entrances, so no observer can say “every morning at eight he leaves from here”. Predictability is the most common weakness of any routine.

  • Time windows, not times: the schedule says “depart 08:00–08:20”, not “08:00 sharp”.
  • Rotating routes: where a movement repeats (home–office), primary and alternate take turns.
  • Rotating entrances: not always the same door, not always the same parking space.
  • Not too early: a car waiting fifteen minutes outside a building tells everyone who is coming.
  • No delays: waiting on the pavement for a late car is the worst moment of the day.

Variety does not mean disorder: every option is in the plan and has been checked. The day’s choice is simply made known as late as possible, and only to those who need it.

How are arrival and departure points organised?

The seconds between the car and the door are the most exposed of the journey. For every venue the team decides in advance where the car stops, which door, who waits inside, and what the alternate point is.

  1. Where it stops: as close to the door as possible, somewhere it is allowed to stand.
  2. How it leaves: the car must be able to pull away forwards, with no reversing or U-turn.
  3. Which door: main or service, agreed with the venue; the door is open, or someone is there to open it.
  4. Wait inside, not outside: every venue has a waiting point indoors, so the principal comes out only when the car is already there.
  5. Alternate point: if there is a crowd, press or roadworks at the entrance, the team already knows where to go.

Coordinating with hotels and event venues — which contact, which entrance, which staff know the name — is covered in the close protection and VIP security guide.

What must the driver and the team know before a movement starts?

The driver has personally driven the primary and the alternate and knows the safe havens and decision points. The vehicle is ready before time, and the whole team uses one communication channel with agreed words for a change of plan.

  • The driver: took part in the recce, and does not follow satnav blindly.
  • The vehicle: fuel, chargers, first-aid kit, water — checked before every movement, not once a day.
  • One channel: one radio net or one call group, not messages across five apps.
  • Code words: for “switching to alternate”, “going to a safe haven”, “all fine” — so nothing is explained out loud in front of others.
  • Arrival check-in: each leg closes with a short “arrived” to the person monitoring.

The plan includes no weapons, no traffic offences and no film-style manoeuvres. A movement is as safe as its preparation — as safe as the fact that nobody in the car has to improvise.

Who should know the schedule, and what is recorded after each movement?

Only those who need the full schedule to carry it out have it; everyone else learns only their own part. After each movement a short after-action note is written: what ran late, what changed, which point felt exposed, what changes next time.

  • Information discipline: the schedule is not forwarded to group chats, not printed for everyone and not posted; the driver knows the movements, not what is discussed in the meetings.
  • Bookings: where possible, under a name that does not give the principal away.
  • After-action note: time against plan, route changes and why, every incident or observation with time and place.
  • Reuse: the note updates the route file, so the next recce starts from what you already know.

Who holds the itinerary on a business trip is covered in executive travel security; how to write an incident up properly, in the incident report guide. Protection of natural persons, and planning measures for it, are services that Law 2518/1997 lists among the activities of security companies (art. 1 §1(β) and (η)).

OVIT records incidents and reports in the Guardly platform, so the client and the team see the same picture, and a real person answers the operations desk. Ask for a proposal for the person or the schedule you have in mind; if you are interested in the job from the other side, see how to become a bodyguard.

At a glance

  • The recce is done on the same weekday and at the same time as the real movement, and re-confirmed on the day.
  • The alternate shares no choke point with the primary, and there is a route to the nearest hospital as well.
  • Safe havens — hospitals, police stations, places with a 24-hour front desk — are marked as locations with an address and an entrance.
  • Time windows instead of exact times, rotating routes and entrances, waiting indoors rather than on the pavement.
  • Only those who need the schedule have it, and every movement ends with a short written after-action note.

Frequently asked questions

How many alternate routes does a VIP movement need?

At least one that shares no choke point with the primary, checked on the recce, plus an emergency route from every point on the schedule to the nearest hospital.

Should the driver know the VIP’s whole schedule?

The driver needs to know the movements: routes, alternates, safe havens, arrival and departure points. They do not need to know whom the principal is meeting or what is discussed.

When should the route reconnaissance be done?

As close to the movement as possible, on the same weekday and at the same time, and on the day itself the team confirms there are no new road closures, roadworks or events.

Sources

Every legal or pay point in this guide was checked against the official sources below.

  1. Ν. 2518/1997 (ΦΕΚ Α΄ 164) — κωδικοποιημένο κείμενο, Ελληνική Αστυνομία: άρθρο 1 §1 περ. β και η (προστασία φυσικών προσώπων, σχεδιασμός μέτρων) και §4 (αρμοδιότητες κρατικών αρχών)Checked

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